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Mine Islar

Senior Lecturer, Docent, Deputy Director

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A political ecology of aviation and development : an analysis of relations of power and justice in the (de)construction of Nepal's Second International Airport

Author

  • Hanna Geschewski
  • Mine Islar

Summary, in English

In this article, we investigate socio-ecological conflicts surrounding the proposed Second International Airport project near Nijgadh, a town in the southern Terai region of Nepal. Praised by the Nepali government as a gamechanger for Nepal's economy, it has come under scrutiny by environmental activists after plans emerged for extensive clearing of the densely forested project site. While public and political debates have focused on the environmental impacts of the project, the area is also home to nearly 8,000 people, most of whom have no formal land rights and belong to Janajati groups, who face displacement. The apparent lack of attention to the project's consequences for local communities raises questions about the safeguarding of their interests. Drawing on justice theories and political ecology, we conducted a case study to investigate the residents' struggle for justice, recognition, and visibility amidst a strong dichotomy of mainstream developmentalist and conservationist discourses. During two months of fieldwork in Nepal, we gathered empirical evidence, including observations, interviews, and project documentation. Our findings suggest that the misrecognition of local communities, particularly in Tangiya Basti, began long before the airport project, and is intertwined with distributive and procedural injustices, reinforced by power asymmetries of various kinds. Overall, we argue that while the airport project is often framed as an environmental conflict, it is also a conflict over claims to social justice and livelihood security.

Department/s

  • LUCSUS (Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies)

Publishing year

2022

Language

English

Pages

51-75

Publication/Series

Journal of Political Ecology

Volume

29

Issue

1

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

University of Arizona

Topic

  • Globalization Studies

Keywords

  • Developmentalism
  • Justice
  • Land rights
  • Nepal
  • Political ecology
  • Recognition

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1073-0451